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Robert Watchorn
Robert Watchorn (April 5, 1859 – April 13, 1944) was an English-American coal miner, union leader, immigration commissioner, businessman, and philanthropist.〔Watchorn, Robert. ''The Autobiography of Robert Watchorn''. Ed. Herbert Faulkner West. Oklahoma City: The Watchorn Charities, Ltd., 1959. Page viii.〕 He worked as an Immigration Commissioner at Ellis Island and the U.S.-Canada border. In his later years, Watchorn worked in the oil business and amassed a sizable fortune.〔Watchorn, Robert. ''The Autobiography of Robert Watchorn''. Ed. Herbert Faulkner West. Oklahoma City: The Watchorn Charities, Ltd., 1959. Page ix.〕
== Early life ==
Watchorn was born in Alfreton, Derbyshire, England on April 5, 1859 to John and Alice Watchorn.〔 His formal education started and ended with a Church of England school for boys, which he attended up to his eleventh year. Watchorn left school to earn money working in the coal mines, though he "continued his studies at night".〔Watchorn, Robert. ''The Autobiography of Robert Watchorn''. Ed. Herbert Faulkner West. Oklahoma City: The Watchorn Charities, Ltd., 1959. Page vii.〕
Before the US Civil War, Great Britain was a large contributor to the mining population that immigrated to the United States for employment. This trend picked up again after the Civil War, and Watchorn was one of the Derbyshire miners who came over at this time.〔Barkan, Elliot Robert. ''Immigrants in American History: Arrival, Adaptation, and Integration''. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2013. Pages 236 – 237. ISBN 978-1-59884-219-7. EISBN 978-1-59884-220-3.〕 He was 22 years old when he immigrated to the United States and found a job in the coal mines of the Pittsburgh area.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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